基于公共天气预报的三江平原ET0预报模型比较及敏感性分析

为了提出适合我国三江平原的高精度ET0预报方法,基于该区6个气象站点的天气预报数据和实测气象数据,以FAO56-Penman-Monteith(FAO56-PM)公式计算值为基准,比较Hargreaves-Samani(HS)、Thornthwaite(TH)和Blaney-Criddle(BC)3个ET₀预报模型的效果,对最优模型进行敏感性分析。结果表明:3个模型1~7 d预见期平均绝对误差均值分别为0.66、0.65、0.65 mm/d,均方根误差分别为0.93、0.96、0.95 mm/d,相关系数分别为0.857、0.828、0.840。1~5 d预见期最优预报模型为HS模型,6~7 d为TH模型。总体上预报精度由高到低为HS、TH、BC模型,建议采用HS模型在三江平原开展ET₀预报,HS模型预报对最高温预报的敏感性大于最低温。其预报值在夏季受温度预报误差影响最大,冬季最小,4季整体误差较小。研究可为灌溉预报提供较准确的数据基础。     

2013年杂多县气候评述

本文通过对2013年杂多县气象资料以及与历年气象要素值的对比分析,评述了该县气候条件和气象灾害及气候对农牧业的影响,得出本年度的气候特征。     

品种及施肥对草地早熟禾种子产量要素和产量的影响

采用5因素混合正交组合设计方案,连续2年对6品种草地早熟禾Poa pratensis种子生产进行研究,结果表明:品种男爵(Baronie)和公园(Park)在酒泉进行种子生产具有一定的优势;种子最高产量分别是584和537 kg/hm2;两品种施肥管理是施肥时期均为春季施1/2 上年秋季施1/2,施氮量均为90 kg/hm2,品种Baronie施P2O5量为120 kg/hm2,Park施P2O5量为90 kg/hm2。     

Isolation,Identification and Analysis of Serotype and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Pathogenic Salmonella from Chickens

To investigate the situations of predominant strain and antibiotic resistance of pathogenic Salmonella from chickens in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region, Salmonella was pre-enriched and isolated from tissues of clinical suspected chickens, and the Salmonella isolates were identified by biochemical test using ID 32E System for the identification of Enterobacteriaceae of VITEK System ATB Expression, serotypes were determined by slid agglutination test, antibiotic susceptibility was analyzed by ATB VET Susceptibility Test Strip of Enterobacteriaceae antibiotics.The results showed that 34 Salmonella strains were obtained from 310 clinical samples, of which 1 strain belonged to A serogroup, 1 to C2 serogroup, 15 to B serogroup, 14 to D serogroup and 3 to untyped serogroup, and S.typhimurium of B serogroup and S.pullorum of D serogroup were the predominant serotypes.All Salmonella isolates were sensitive to meropenem, imipenem, spectinomycine and apramycine, and the resistance rates to chloramphenicol, kanamycine and gentamicine were less than 10%, and the resistance rates to amoxicillin, streptomycine, flumequine, oxolinique, sulfamethizol, tetracycline and nitrofurantoine ranged between 50% and 90%, while the resistance rates to penicilline, oxacilline, fusidique, rifampicine and metronidazole reached to 100%.The results indicated that the serotype distribution of pathogenic Salmonella from chickens exhibited regional characteristics, and S.typhimurium and S.pullorum were the predominant serotypes in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region, and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella isolates was very serious which should be highly concerned.     

Pathogen Analysis of Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex

To investigate the pathogen of bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) of a dairy farm in Guangxi, a strain of Mycoplasma and a strain of gram-negative pathogenic bacterium were isolated and identified by the means of field surveys, clinic observation, pathological examination, isolation studies and so on.Treatments were taken according to drug sensitivity test results.The Mycoplasma strain, growing on PPLO medium, formed typical "fried egg" colonies.A 448 bp of oppF fragment was amplified by PCR from the strain and had 98.4% nucleotide identity with Mycoplasma bovis reference isolate PG5 of USA.The biochemical features of the gram-negative bacterial isolate were same with Serratia marcescens.The PCR amplified 16S rDNA of the gram-negative pathogenic bacterium strain was 1 400 bp.It shared 99.0% nucleotide identity with other Serratia marcescens reference strains obtained from GenBank.Animal experiment showed that the gram-negative pathogenic bacterium isolate could cause the mice to die.The drug sensitivity tests showed all isolates were sensitive to spectinomycin, azithromycin, amikacin, gentamicin and neomycin.It was effective to treat with dexamethasone and spectinomycin.Pathogen analysis and drug treatment showed that the BRDC was caused by Mycoplasma bovis and Serratia marcescens.     

藏猪与杜洛克猪血液中胰岛素样生长因子-1、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3含量差异研究

为了解国内、外两类猪种肌肉生长发育及血清中相关细胞因子含量差异,以我国特有的藏猪和国外杜洛克猪作为研究对象,采用酶联免疫分析法(ELISA)测定6月龄藏猪、杜洛克猪血清中胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3(IGFBP-3)的含量及肌纤维面积(CSA)。结果显示:藏猪血清中IGF-1含量及CSA均极显著低于杜洛克猪(P0.01),IGFBP-3含量极显著高于杜洛克猪(P0.01);CSA与IGF-1含量间呈极显著正相关,与IGFBP-3间呈极显著负相关,说明IGF-1对猪背最长肌生长发育有促进作用,而IGFBP-3可能有抑制作用。     

流感病毒气源性传播研究进展

流感病毒是现今世界流行最为广泛、传播最为迅速的人兽共患病毒之一,而气源性传播是流感病毒最有效的传播方式.流感病毒的相关基因,尤其是相关基因的关键氨基酸位点对其自身是否具有气源性传播能力具有决定性的作用.外界环境的改变会直接影响病毒气溶胶颗粒形成的数量和大小,进而影响传播效率.目前,经过长期的筛选和比较,将豚鼠和雪貂作为研究流感气源性传播的模式动物,根据不同目的或者单独使用或者协同实验.文章通过对病毒本身的生物学特性以及外界环境对气源性传播产生的影响进行了初步总结,对进行气源性传播的实验动物给出了综合评价,一方面为研究者提供较为全面的总结,另一方面为防治流感提供依据.     

不同利用方式紫花苜蓿地土壤含水量和容重的比较研究

为了研究不同利用方式紫花苜蓿地土壤含水量和土壤容重的季节和剖面变化特征,试验采用样点定位、季节动态监测的方法,对苜蓿种子田和苜蓿生产田的土壤含水量和土壤容重进行了测定。结果表明:0~10 cm土层紫花苜蓿种子田和紫花苜蓿生产田土壤含水量总体表现为随着月份的增加呈现"W"型变化趋势,最大值均在7月下旬出现,分别为27.30%和23.79%;≥10~20 cm土层和≥20~30 cm土层土壤含水量各月份差异不大。0~10 cm土层苜蓿种子田和苜蓿生产田土壤容重随着月份的增加呈现先降低后增加之后又降低的趋势,总体表现为苜蓿种子田苜蓿生产田;≥10~20 cm和≥20~30 cm土层变化比较平稳。苜蓿种子田和苜蓿生产田土壤含水量和容重在垂直方向随着土层深度的增加表现出不同的变化规律。     

牦牛G蛋白信号转导调节因子2克隆及序列分析

为了初步探讨牦牛RGS2基因的结构和功能,试验采用RT-PCR方法及TA克隆法得到麦洼牦牛RGS2基因,并运用不同的生物信息学软件对序列进行分析。结果表明:牦牛RGS2基因系列含1个540 bp的开放阅读框,共编码178个氨基酸,Gen Bank数据库中登录号为FJ786041。编码Phe的密码子UUU、编码Leu的密码子UUG、编码Ile的密码子AUU等20种密码子为该基因的偏好性密码子,确定的27种最优密码子均以G或C结尾。RGS2氨基酸序列与普通牛、绵羊、山羊相似性分别为99.5%、96.3%、96.1%。系统发育树上,牦牛与普通牛聚在一起,亲缘关系最近。     

溪黄草水提物及其复方对细菌的抑制效果观察

为了评价溪黄草及其复方对细菌的体外抑制效果,以水作为浸提溶剂,通过试管二倍稀释法测定溪黄草水提物对金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、乙型副伤寒沙门氏菌、变形杆菌、大肠埃希氏菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、阴沟肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)与最小杀菌浓度(MBC),并将溪黄草水提物与五倍子、金银花、大青叶、黄芩、五味子、秦皮等中药水提物组成复方,测定中药复方对大肠杆菌的体外抑菌效果。结果表明,溪黄草水提取物对G+菌的体外抑菌效果较强(MIC为25-100 mg/m L),对G-菌的体外抑菌效果相对较弱(MIC为50-400 mg/m L),其中对表皮葡萄球菌的抑菌效果最强(MIC为25 mg/m L)。提示溪黄草水提物与其他中药水提物分别组成复方后,大部分复方对大肠杆菌的抑制作用有所增强。